考研英语句型分析

考研英语句型总结与应用

英语句型在考研英语中起着至关重要的作用，掌握常用的句型结构不仅有助于提高阅读和听力理解能力，还能够帮助考生在写作和翻译中表达得更加准确、地道。以下是一些常见的考研英语句型总结与应用，希望对考生有所帮助。

1. 定语从句

定语从句简单句结构：

关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that）/关系副词（when, where, why） 句子

其中，关系代词在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语；关系副词在从句中作状语。

例句：

The book (which) he is reading is very interesting.

The girl (who) you met yesterday is my sister.

July 1st, 1921 is the day (when) the Communist Party of China was founded.

2. 倒装句

完全倒装：

助动词、情态动词、be动词、系动词或表示方向、位置、距离的副词置于句首，主语置于谓语动词后面。

部分倒装：

表示地点、时间或条件的状语放在句首，谓语动词直接跟在主语之后。

例句：

Not until he came back home did he realize his mistake.（完全倒装）

Only in this way can we solve the problem.（部分倒装）

3. 强调句

强调句的基本结构：

It is/was 被强调部分 that/who 其余部分

例句：

It was in the library that I met my old friend.

It is my brother who broke the window yesterday.

4. 比较结构

比较级的结构：

形容词/副词的比较级：比较级 than 被比较对象

两者相比较的程度或大小

例句：

The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Shanghai.

He runs faster than his brother.

5. 虚拟语气

虚拟语气常见形式：

与现在事实相反：if 过去时，主句用would/could/might 动词原形

与过去事实相反：if 过去完成时，主句用would/could/might have 过去分词

与将来事实相反：if 过去完成时，主句用would/could/might 动词原形

例句：

If I were you, I would go to the doctor.（与现在事实相反）

If I had known the truth, I wouldn't have made that mistake.（与过去事实相反）

If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be postponed.（与将来事实相反）

6. 值得注意的连接词

连接词的用法：

因果关系：because, since, as, for

转折关系：but, however, nevertheless, on the contrary

递进关系：and, moreover, furthermore, in addition

让步关系：though, although, even though, while

例句：

He failed the exam because he didn't study hard.

She is very busy, but she always finds time to help others.

I like English, although I find it difficult.

7. 名词性从句

名词性从句的用法：

主语从句：What he said is true.

宾语从句：I know that he is coming.

表语从句：The problem is whether we should go.

同位语从句：The news that he brought is exciting.

例句：

What he did surprised me.（主语从句）

I believe that he is honest.（宾语从句）

The fact that he passed the exam pleased his parents.（同位语从句）

以上是一些常见的考研英语句型总结与应用，希望能够帮助考生在备考中更好地理解和运用。